So I want to preface this with I’m a complete newbie when it comes to nginx and nextcloud. So if there is a config / log file I haven’t posted that would have been useful then please let me know (and if you can tell me where i can find it as I probably dont know).
Also apologies for the long post but I wanted to show what I’ve tried.
I’ve been using the instructions here - https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/ubuntu-nginx-nextcloud/
So I’ve spent a few days trying to get nextcloud up and working. The way my servers should be set up is
- ISP Router forwarding all traffic to PFsense router (ISP router will be replaced by a pure modem as soon as I can)
- pfsense forwards port 80 and port 443 to my webserver
- Nginx is running on the webserver although currently just forwards requests to other servers. nextcloud.mydomain .co.uk is forwarded to my services server.
- Services server should read the nextcloud.mydomain .co.uk and send it to the local nextcloud location.
N.B. I have webmin running on both the services and web servers to make my life a little easier.
Router IP: 192.168.2.1
WebServer IP: 192.168.2.88
Services IP: 192.168.2.86
However I change the nginx config on the servers however I seem to either get bad gateway, too many redirects or just the nginx default site.
Current Config
Webserver Nginx (aka Config A version1)
server {
listen 80;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.mydomain.com.access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.mydomain.com.error.log;
client_max_body_size 0;
underscores_in_headers on;
location / {
proxy_headers_hash_max_size 512;
proxy_headers_hash_bucket_size 64;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
add_header Front-End-Https on;
# whatever the IP of your cloud server is on
proxy_pass http://192.168.2.86;
}
}
Services Nginx (aka Config B version1
upstream php-handler {
#server 127.0.0.1:9000;
server unix:/run/php/php7.1-fpm.sock;
}
server {
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on; # managed by Certbot
listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
}
server {
listen 443;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15552000;
# includeSubDomains; preload;";
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/nextcloud/;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_min_length 256;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# Uncomment if your server is built with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+)\.php(?:$|/) {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff|svg|gif)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
server {
if ($host = nextcloud.mydomain.com) {
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
} # managed by Certbot
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
return 404; # managed by Certbot
}
Result
# This page isn’t working
**nextcloud.mydomain.com** redirected you too many times.
* [Try clearing your cookies](https://support.google.com/chrome?p=rl_error&hl=en-GB).
ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS
Take 2
I found this post which seemed to be along the right track
Taking the Nextcloud in a subdir of root config and tweaking it to the below.
Service Nginx (AKA Config B version 2)
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
#server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
#add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
# includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
# rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta
# last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json
# /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
}
location /.well-known/acme-challenge { }
location ^~ /nextcloud {
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /nextcloud/core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /nextcloud/core/templates/404.php;
location /nextcloud {
rewrite ^ /nextcloud/index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended
# to have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read
# into this topic first.
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
# includeSubDomains; preload;";
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
}
Result
# This page isn’t working
**nextcloud.mydomain.com** redirected you too many times.
* [Try clearing your cookies](https://support.google.com/chrome?p=rl_error&hl=en-GB).
ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS
Take 3
I tried the nginx in webroot to make sure it wasn’t that either.
Services Config akak Config B Version 3
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
#server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
# enforce https
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name nextcloud.mydomain.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/nextcloud.mydomain.com/privkey.pem; # managed by
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
# includeSubDomains; preload;";
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/nextcloud/;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
# add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
# includeSubDomains; preload;";
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
Result (is this progress?)
# 502 Bad Gateway
nginx/1.15.5 (Ubuntu)
Take 4
Stripping out the webserver and just sending the traffic from the pfsense router straight to the services box.
Keeping Config B Version 3
Result
# 502 Bad Gateway
nginx/1.15.5 (Ubuntu)
Keeping Config B Version 2
Result (is this progress?)
# 403 Forbidden
nginx/1.15.5 (Ubuntu)
Keeping Config B Version 1
Result
# This page isn’t working
**nextcloud.mydomain.com** redirected you too many times.
* [Try clearing your cookies](https://support.google.com/chrome?p=rl_error&hl=en-GB).
ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS
Take 5
Looking at the 502 result, config B Version 3 and skipping the webserver I looked for solutions on the forum.
Looking at Bad Gateway 502 error it suggested I make sure /etc/nginx/nginx.conf has www-data as the user. However mine seems to be set up correctly.
Services nginx.conf Config C Version 1
user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 768;
# multi_accept on;
}
http {
##
# Basic Settings
##
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
# server_tokens off;
# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
# server_name_in_redirect off;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
##
# SSL Settings
##
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
##
# Logging Settings
##
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
##
# Gzip Settings
##
gzip on;
# gzip_vary on;
# gzip_proxied any;
# gzip_comp_level 6;
# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
# gzip_http_version 1.1;
# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
##
# Virtual Host Configs
##
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}
#mail {
# # See sample authentication script at:
# # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
#
# # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
# # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
# # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
#
# server {
# listen localhost:110;
# protocol pop3;
# proxy on;
# }
#
# server {
# listen localhost:143;
# protocol imap;
# proxy on;
# }
#}
Trying altering listen.owner and listen.group as per luki938’s suggestion got me the same result i.e. Bad Gateway.
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
So I reverted them to www-data.
Take 5
Swaping to the 403 error. Taking Config B Version 2 and routing straight to the services router.
I followed the suggestions in Access denied on nginx
Altering /etc/php/7.1/fpm/pool.d/www.conf by uncommenting the line
security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7
and changing fpm/php.ini and cli/php.ini to have cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 (previously they were =0) however this still gave me the 403 error.
At this point I’m not really sure what to do next. I’m kinda just changing random config without much clue about which of the three paths is closest to correct.
Any advice on what I can do to narrow down what has gone wrong or to fix my problem?
Finally I want to point out that I do have mattermost installed on my services VM and that seems to be working without any issue.
