If you also use a browser in the same local network and there is no problem with the connection and the tls/ssl certificate (look in the browsers ssl lock icon) than i think there is another problem and not a problem with tls/ssl.
{
"file":"/var/www/html/3rdparty/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Handler/CurlFactory.php",
"line":158,
"function":"createRejection",
"class":"GuzzleHttp\\Handler\\CurlFactory",
"type":"::",
Perhaps this helps:
edit: I tried some more things and noticed that my local DNS server (AdGuardHome) seems to have blocked/discarded some local DNS queries… I disabled that and now everything is back to normal.