Service discovery URL errors misreported

Nextcloud version (eg, 20.0.5): 23.0.0.10
Operating system and version (eg, Ubuntu 20.04): Ubuntu 20.04
Apache or nginx version (eg, Apache 2.4.25): Nginx 1.18.0
PHP version (eg, 7.4): 7.4

The issue you are facing:

The admin overview page (/settings/admin/overview) reports that my web server is not properly set up to resolve .well-known URLs. My Nextcloud installation is behind reverse proxy and load balancer. The first-level reverse proxy (closest to the backend) performs the redirect. From the user viewpoint everything works fine (see the attached webserver log), but the internal checks of Nextcloud somehow misreport the error.

Is this the first time you’ve seen this error? (Y/N): N

The output of your config.php file in /var/www/html/config (make sure you remove any identifiable information!):

<?php
$CONFIG = array (
  'instanceid' => '***',
  'passwordsalt' => '***',
  'datadirectory' => '/var/www/data',
  'dbtype' => 'mysql',
  'version' => '23.0.0.10',
  'dbname' => '***',
  'dbhost' => '***',
  'dbtableprefix' => '***',
  'dbuser' => '***',
  'dbpassword' => '***',
  'installed' => true,
  'ldapIgnoreNamingRules' => false,
  'maintenance' => false,
  'theme' => '',
  'trusted_domains' =>
  array (
    0 => '***',
    1 => '***',
    2 => '***',
    3 => '***',
  ),
  'log_type' => 'syslog',
  'logfile' => '',
  'loglevel' => 1,
  'syslog_tag' => 'nextcloud',
  'secret' => '***',
  'ldapProviderFactory' => '\\OCA\\User_LDAP\\LDAPProviderFactory',
  'overwrite.cli.url' => 'http://[dead:beef::face:b00c]',
  'overwritehost' => '***',
  'overwriteprotocol' => 'https',
  'overwritewebroot' => '',
  'trusted_proxies'   => ['dead:beef::1', 'dead:beef::2'],
  'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu',
  'memcache.locking' => '\OC\Memcache\\Redis',
  'memcache.distributed' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis',
  'redis' => [
    'host' => '***',
    'port' => 6379,
    'timeout' => 0,
    'password' => '***',
    'dbindex' => 999,
  ],
  'mysql.utf8mb4' => true,
  'default_phone_region' => 'FR',
);

The output of your Apache/nginx/system log in /var/log/____:

Jan 21 21:45:20 cloud-srv-1 nginx: [dead:beef::ad5f:2f42:dc1b:2593 - -] "GET /.well-known/caldav HTTP/2.0" 301 178 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36"
Jan 21 21:45:23 cloud-srv-1 nginx: [dead:beef::ad5f:2f42:dc1b:2593 - -] "GET /remote.php/dav/ HTTP/2.0" 401 14216 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36"
Jan 21 21:49:32 cloud-srv-1 nginx: [dead:beef::ad5f:2f42:dc1b:2593 - -] "GET /.well-known/webfinger HTTP/2.0" 301 178 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36"
Jan 21 21:49:32 cloud-srv-1 nginx: [dead:beef::ad5f:2f42:dc1b:2593 - -] "GET /index.php/.well-known/webfinger HTTP/2.0" 404 37 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36"