Permanent delete initiated without me doing anything! How to recover deleted files

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The Basics

  • Nextcloud Server version (e.g., 29.x.x):
    • 33.0.8
  • Operating system and version (e.g., Ubuntu 24.04):
    • Windows 11 Pro
  • Web server and version (e.g, Apache 2.4.25):
    • replace me
  • Reverse proxy and version _(e.g. nginx 1.27.2)
    • replace me
  • PHP version (e.g, 8.3):
    • replace me
  • Is this the first time you’ve seen this error? (Yes / No):
    • Y
  • When did this problem seem to first start?
    • 19:32 UK time 30 Aug
  • Installation method (e.g. AlO, NCP, Bare Metal/Archive, etc.)
    • replace me
  • Are you using CloudfIare, mod_security, or similar? (Yes / No)
    • No

Summary of the issue you are facing:

The Nextcloud synch suddenly and randomly started deleting top level folders. These appear to have been deleted both from local (computer) storage, and the Nextcloud server. I have no idea what initiated this, but the files appear to have been permanently deleted. They do not appear in the Deleted Files folder, nor in the local computer’s Recycle Bin (Windows). The deletion logs have ‘permanent_delete’ in the .11 filenames (there are 11), and each deletion entry looks like the example below (I have replaced the folder names and file names with generic text for confidentiality).

Why has this happened, and is there any way to recover the files? For now I have paused synching.

Steps to replicate it (hint: details matter!):

Log entries

Nextcloud

Please provide the log entries from your Nextcloud log that are generated during the time of problem (via the Copy raw option from Administration settings->Logging screen or from your nextcloud.log located in your data directory). Feel free to use a pastebin/gist service if necessary.

2026-08-30 19:32:33:677 [ info nextcloud.log.permanent C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\windows-34283\client-building\desktop\src\libsync\propagatorjobs.cpp:85 ]:	delete "[subfolder]" "Processing \"[folder]/[subfolder]\" | (db/local/remote) | valid: true/true/false | mtime: 1727257290/1758628991/0 | size: 0/4096/0 | etag: \"66f3dace46b04\"//\"\" | checksum: \"\"//\"\" | perm: \"GDNVCKRS\"//\"\" | fileid: \"00173327ococ5nr9zkj3\"//\"\" | inode: 68215/68215/ | type: CSyncEnums::ItemTypeDirectory/CSyncEnums::ItemTypeDirectory/CSyncEnums::ItemTypeFile | e2ee: false/false | e2eeMangledName: \"\"/\"\" | file lock: not locked// | file lock type: \"\"//\"\" | live photo: false//false | metadata missing: /false/"

Web Browser

If the problem is related to the Web interface, open your browser inspector Console and Network tabs while refreshing (reloading) and reproducing the problem. Provide any relevant output/errors here that appear.

PASTE

Web server / Reverse Proxy

The output of your Apache/nginx/system log in /var/log/____:

PASTE HERE

Configuration

Nextcloud

The output of occ config:list system or similar is best, but, if not possible, the contents of your config.php file from /path/to/nextcloud is fine (make sure to remove any identifiable information!):

PASTE HERE

Apps

The output of occ app:list (if possible).

Tips for increasing the likelihood of a response

  • Use the preformatted text formatting option in the editor for all log entries and configuration output.
  • If screenshots are useful, feel free to include them.
    • If possible, also include key error output in text form so it can be searched for.
  • Try to edit log output only minimally (if at all) so that it can be ran through analyzers / formatters by those trying to help you.

When you know the user and location and the time, you can try to find the first, initiating the deletion via the webserver logfiles:
grep DEL access.log

they are in the form:


2a01:4b::1 - - [31/Aug/2026:10:54:47 +0200] nextcloud.example.net "DELETE /remote.php/dav/files/user/my_image.png HTTP/2.0" 204 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:154.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/154.0" "-"

Here you can see the ip address of the client that deleted a specific file, if you have a lot of deletions, you can use grep to filter more specifically. Or instead of the delete command, you can also just search all transactions regarding one specific file.
Then with date, client-string and ip address, you can hopefully narrow down the issue a bit more.