Signing in with OpenID Connect (user_oidc) treats user as a new account instead of using existing LDAP backend

yes :100: this is the right topic!! you can check your previous LDAP mapping where the Nextcloud UserID attribute comes from - likely SID in case of Active Directory - you must then add the ID 1c0d6984-6795-1032-8e83-e5ab1e980d98 to you Auth0 user teddy as some attribute and than use this attribute as Nextcloud UID in openidconnect config.