Optimal hard disk setup on Ubuntu 2 x SSD (Raid1) + 2 x HDDs (Raid1)

Yes, you can. I have similar setup, but System is not on a RAID.

# lsblk
NAME                                MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
loop0                                 7:0    0  93.9M  1 loop  /snap/core/9066
loop1                                 7:1    0    97M  1 loop  /snap/core/9289
sda                                   8:0    0   5.5T  0 disk  
`-sda1                                8:1    0   5.5T  0 part  
  `-md0                               9:0    0   5.5T  0 raid1 
    `-raid                          253:3    0   5.5T  0 crypt 
      `-raid--vg-data--lv           253:4    0   5.5T  0 lvm   /mnt/raid
sdb                                   8:16   0   5.5T  0 disk  
`-sdb1                                8:17   0   5.5T  0 part  
  `-md0                               9:0    0   5.5T  0 raid1 
    `-raid                          253:3    0   5.5T  0 crypt 
      `-raid--vg-data--lv           253:4    0   5.5T  0 lvm   /mnt/raid
sdc                                   8:32   0 465.8G  0 disk  
`-md1                                 9:1    0 931.3G  0 raid0 
  `-smallRaid                       253:2    0 931.3G  0 crypt 
    `-vg--smallraid-lv--smallraid   253:5    0   931G  0 lvm   /mnt/smallraid
sdd                                   8:48   0 465.8G  0 disk  
`-md1                                 9:1    0 931.3G  0 raid0 
  `-smallRaid                       253:2    0 931.3G  0 crypt 
    `-vg--smallraid-lv--smallraid   253:5    0   931G  0 lvm   /mnt/smallraid
sde                                   8:64   0   477G  0 disk  
|-sde1                                8:65   0   512M  0 part  /boot/efi
|-sde2                                8:66   0     1G  0 part  /boot
`-sde3                                8:67   0 475.4G  0 part  
  |-ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv           253:0    0   150G  0 lvm   /
  `-ubuntu--vg-nextcoud_previews_lv 253:1    0   150G  0 lvm 

Here 3 points to check.

  1. sda and sdb are created on a partitions as RAID 1, here is data folder of Nextcloud.
  2. sdc and sdd are created on a RAW as RAID 0 (just summarize size of disks, no relevant data here)
  3. and I have 1 partition for the nextcloud previews folder moved to the SSD (sde), so that it is increased access performance on a random access.