IIS as reverse proxy for NC - NC does not 'see itself'

Have you tried consulting https://ddnss.de/ documentation to confirm you’ve actually set this up on their end?
Seems you do not have a let’s encrypt certificate.

Also see HowTo: Add a new trusted domain for additional ideas for setting this up. I don’t use snap, so cannot help there beyond suggesting the official documentation: Table of contents — Nextcloud latest Administration Manual latest documentation