Rebuilt Nextcloud Desktop Client (Windows) – “No Qt platform plugin could be initialized” error

I rebuilt the Nextcloud Desktop Client for Windows with custom branding (logo changes only). The build completes successfully, but when I launch nextcloud.exe, the application fails to start with the following error:

“This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.”

The error occurs immediately on application launch.
Notably, the same build works correctly on an AWS Windows VM, but fails on my local Windows laptop.

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E.g. No Qt platform plugin could be initialized | Qt Forum